Insecticide.



UNITED STATES PATENT orrion- WILLIAM c. CARNELL, OFPHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

. IINSECTICIDE. 7

No Drawing.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Be it known that I, W'ILL'IAM C. CARNELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful I'mprovementsin Insecticides; and I do hereby declare-the fol-' lowing to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such aswill enable others skilled in the art to which it-apper- 10 tains to make and use the same.

' My invention relates-"to insecticides and more especially to the product-ion of a lime and sulfur wash capable of use as a dip or for destroying insects and fungi. Heretofore the lime sulfur wash prinei pally used to destroy the San Jose scale has been troublesome to make for thereason that the lime and sulfur have to be boiled for a long time and at .the same time constantly 2o stirred in order to produce a uniform product. This has been a very objectionable feature' to the farmers and attempts have been made to produce a substitute that willavoid the boiling the wash -n hour.

I have succeeded in producing a compound containing lime "and sulfur which is much'less trouble to'the user, being a finished product in a dry and finely divided state. This dry product when mixed with Warm water or boiled with Water fora period of not over five minutes,fwi1l produce rocess. The period of boiling in use is not less than one a finished wash or dip haying the general chemical properties and characteristics made by vslaking quicklime and boiling the.

same with sulfur and water for a long period of time.

My process consists in taking air slaked lime, water slaked lime, partially burnt lime, so calledshell lime orlime derived from any other source, whether partially reoarbonated or not, and reducing the. same to a fine state of subdivision so that it may be bolted or sieved in order to'insure uniformity and fineness. In my experiments I havepassed it through an 80 mesh sieve. This is mixed with sulfur, either the flowers of" sulfur or commercial vsulfur which" is crushed or ground to pass through an 80 mesh sieve. Salt is sometimes used and if used at the start is ground to pass through a similar sieve.- However, it sometimes happens that salt maybeadded at the end of the process,

in which case, ordinary fine salt may be used. salt I mean ordinary sodiunr or Application filed April 7, 1908. Serial No. 425,719.

quick-lime is added to make up the quantity Specifieation of Letters Patent; 1 Iatent-ed July 11, 19 11.

potassium chlorids.) Theproportions of theingredients used are preferably those designated by the U. S.- Department of Ag riculture, Bureau Chemistry, Bulletin 0 l0l;'i. e. lime, thirty pounds or parts; sul fur twenty pounds or parts; and when salt is used, fifteen pounds or parts. These proportions. are such as to have an excess of lime present by which is meant, there will 5 be some lime that is not chemically combined with "sulfur. The dry ingredients thoroughly mixed are then placed into a tightly closed vessel and heated to the reacting temperature of sulfur and lime pref 7 0 erably between 115 and 440qcentigrade.

This is preferably done by placing the closed vessel in a suitable oven or "furnace. The effect of the heating'is to form both partial and completecombinations between lime and sulfur which, willform calcium sulfid, thiosulfates, polysulfids of calcium together with other compounds of calcium and sulfur, the exact. chemical compositions of which-are not known. The aim is to oh- 'tain a minimum of sulfate and sulfid. At the completionof the reaction thevessel is removed from theoven or furnace and the, contents broken up and ground and; preferably, but not necessarily, passed through 35 a suitablesieve to obtainyauniform powder.

The finished product is their in a'dry, finely divided or powdered state ready for shipment and after theaddition of warm water or boiled with water for 'a short period of time, not over five minutes, is ready for use as a spray, wash or dip.

In order-to enable the product to be mixed with cold'water I have, inthe product a quantity-of quick-lime. When this is done the quantity oflime required to unite with a given quantity of sulfur is taken .for a heat, and not'the proportions above given. Theoretically thisproportion. is 1 of-' lime to 2.24 of sulfur, but as commercial lime is not pure, a somewhat larger amount of lime will be required. An excess of lime is desirable and necessary. After the reaction as per the proportions above given, more or less. The lime in slaking will generate suflicient heat'to carrythe soluble, parts of the product into solution so that it may be mixed with cold water.

I vc 1aim: I 1,, A method of producing-an insecticide,

which comprises' forming various dry reaction products between sulfur and lime by heating an excess of dry, air slaked lime with sulfur in a tightly closed vessel to reacting temperature. y

2. A method of producing an insecticide, which comprises forming various reaction products between sulfur and lime by mixing finely divided sulfur with an excess of finely divided lime in a dry conditionand heating the mixture in a tightly closed vessel to reacting temperature.

3. A method of producing an insecticide, which comprises simultaneously forming a plurality of reaction products between sulfur and lime by heating substantially dry lime With substantially dry sulfur in a tightly closed vessel to reacting temperature.

4. An insecticide containing sulfids, sulfate and thiosulfate of calcium, the same being in a dry, powdery condition, which when treated with water contains as a mam product polysulfids of calcium and thiosul-.'

fate of calcium.

5. An insecticide containing polysulfids and thiosulfate and an excess of lime, the samebeing in a dry powdery condition, which when treated with water contains as a main product polysulfids of calcium and thiosulfate of calcium. i

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, 1 have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

\VM. Q CARNE LL.

Witnesses D. PELLMAN BOYER, LILLIAN B. BOYER. 

